http://www.qdev.de/?forcelang=en&location=electronics/flashbios

How to flash a PC FlashBIOS... :)
2000-08-06
Usually, when you want to update a PC BIOS, you will use a flash utility like AwardFlash (awdflash.exe). This small program accesses directly the FlashROM which contains the computer's BIOS.
Some weeks ago, my brother wanted to upgrade his PC (an older PII-233) with a Celeron333 CPU. Well, what can we expect by "compatible" computers: it didn't work... after a look at the motherboard's vendors homepage we knew, that the BIOS was rather old and newer versions should support the Celeron CPU, too.
After downloading the update and the flash-utility, the try to update the BIOS failed. The tool said, that the 128kB update file was too small - no wonder: the computer had a 256kB FlashROM built in...
After contacting the support, they told us, that it should work; they sent us an other flash-tool but this didn't work either...
Well... what to do now? Buy a newer board with those >500MHz CPUs noone really needs - and put the old stuff into the trash? No. There must have been be an other solution: I would burn the Flash myself by hand! :)

Here is a picture of the original FlashROM (an Atmel 29C020). I downloaded the datasheets for this chip and decided not to program this chip because of its unusual programming algorithm. I also wanted to have a true (working) backup.

My favourite FlashROMs are from AMD - they are really nice to handle because they have a smart programming algorithm. And the biggest advantage: I already had some of those chips here... ;)
As I had only 29F040-chips in a PLCC-package, I had to solder a small adaptor to the 32Pin DIL-package of the original FlashROM.

This picture shows the result of my work - a PLCC-socket with flying vero-wire wires soldered to a DIL-socket. Well, not the nicest version (no PCB...), but for one single chip in my opinion the best solution.

Now you surely ask yourself: "how does he want to program the chip?". A good question - as I do not have a professional programming device (they are rather expensive) I did it my own way. I used a small and very very old Microcontroller (8052AH-BASIC) from intel (yes, intel-crap, I know...) which provides a full BASIC-interpreter in its ROM. It is very slow but it provides enough IOs to connect a FlashROM to it. As it only has 64kB address-space, I had to add some more address-lines by using some of its other IOs. The programming software I programmed already some time ago and it really works nice.
The microcontroller-board was connected over a serial connection to my Amiga 3000 where I use Term4.8 to have terminal-access. The data-upload was managed by my programming software on the microcontroller and a small ARexx-script which feed Term with the data it had to send to the board.

Here you can see the mentioned microcontroller board with the connected FlashROM. Looks crazy? - No thats normal! ;)

Perhaps you now want to know what data I programmed in the Flash - the file is 128kB and the chip 256kB... Well... I joined the first 128kB of the old chip contents together with the BIOS update. This results in a 256kB file - I didn't know if it would work, but it was worth a try... :)
After programming the chip, I inserted the whole thing into my brother's PC.
It worked! :) - Now everything works and he can use his new Celeron-CPU...


Here is a picture how the whole thing looks like:

This is the print version. Back to normal view